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Measure types

Within the project category, there are different measure types, which are grouped into the following areas:

MechanicalDescription
Mobile protective coverA mobile protective cover is a movable safety element designed to provide protection and is part of a machine. Please note that mobile protective covers always require an additional interlocking device to monitor the position of the protective cover. The requirements for the design of fixed protective devices are specified in the standards EN ISO 14120 and EN ISO 13857:2008.
Fixed protective coverA fixed protective cover is a stationary protective device designed to provide protection and is part of a machine. The requirements for the design of fixed protective devices are specified in the standards EN ISO 14120 and EN ISO 13857:2008.
Protective door in fenceIf it is necessary to access the hazardous area during a specific work phase, a movable protective device such as a protective door can be used. The movable protective device (protective door) must be equipped with safety switches with or without interlocking, be position-monitored and electrically connected to the control. The requirements for the design of protective devices are specified in the standard EN ISO 14120. Guidelines for the design and selection of interlocking devices (safety switches) in connection with the protective devices are specified in the standard EN ISO 14119.
Protective fenceA protective fence serves, for example, to protect personnel from automated installations and production robots. Furthermore, it protects areas where material ejection by the processing machines is to be expected. When designing and installing, it is important to ensure that all safety requirements are met according to the design standards of protective devices for machine safety.
Other movable protective deviceAn alternative form of a movable protective device that minimizes residual risk.
Other mechanical protective measureAn alternative form of a mechanical protective device that minimizes residual risk.
Other protective deviceAn alternative form of a protective device that minimizes residual risk.
Functional SafetyDescription
Pressure-sensitive protective devicePressure-sensitive protective devices are safety devices that, for example, trigger a signal transmitter located inside through the deformation of an elastic hollow body, as is the case with safety switching strips or safety mats. Detection can be electromechanical or optical.
Light curtainLight curtains are optoelectronic systems that detect the interruption of a light beam and output it as an electrical signal. In this way, automatic devices can detect moving objects without contact. For example, obstacles can be detected in automatically closing doors or personnel entering hazardous areas.
Emergency stop command deviceAn emergency stop command device is used to safely stop the machine in an emergency. However, it does not replace other protective measures and alone does not provide sufficient protection. Emergency stop command devices can be designed as mushroom buttons, wires, ropes, rails, handles, or in special cases as foot switches without protective covers. The emergency stop function must correspond to one of the stop categories (0 or 1), as defined in ISO 13850.
Safety laser scannerSafety laser scanners can be used mobile or stationary for area protection or access monitoring. Like an optical radar, the compact systems scan their surroundings and measure distances based on the principle of light transit time measurement. The integrated rotating mirror enables two-dimensional scanning. Safety laser scanners are also available with multi-stage detection areas.
Safety light curtainLight curtains are optoelectronic systems that detect interruptions of light beams and output them as electrical signals. They are used to detect moving objects without contact. They belong to the group of non-contact protective devices (BWS) and are divided into different types: Type 1 currently has no specific requirements, Type 2 has periodic tests for fault detection, Type 3 and Type 4 have specific requirements that lead to immediate locking in case of errors. Abbreviations: OSSD (Output Signal Switching Device), BWS (Non-contact protective device).
Safety switchSafety switches are switch contacts that detect the presence or absence of moving objects at a specific position. The signal can be generated and transmitted electronically, hydraulically, pneumatically, or mechanically.
Other non-contact protective deviceThis type of measure describes non-contact protective devices that cannot be assigned to any of the other types.
Other control-related protective measureAn alternative form of a control-related protective device that minimizes residual risk.
Interlocking deviceThis type of measure describes interlocking devices with and without interlocking.
Approval deviceApproval devices are command devices that allow machine functions to be activated when protective devices are temporarily inactive. They are mainly used for setting up work or process observation, but require additional protective measures. Machine movements may only be possible as long as the approval device is actively operated. Approval devices can be implemented as both location-bound and location-independent.
Two-hand controlTwo-hand controls are location-bound, non-separating protective devices that allow dangerous machine movements to be operated with both hands. A two-hand control always protects only one operator. If there are multiple operators, several two-hand controls are required accordingly. The positioning of two-hand controls must comply with the minimum distance to the hazard point according to EN ISO 13855. Two-hand controls are implemented in various types: - Type I: Application of category 1 according to EN ISO 13849-1 (usually single-channel implementation) - Type II: Application of category 3 according to EN ISO 13849-1 (fail-safe, usually two-channel implementation) - Type IIIA: Both actuating parts must be operated synchronously within 0.5 s, category 1 - Type IIIB: Both actuating parts must be operated synchronously within 0.5 s, category 3 - Type IIIC: Both actuating parts must be operated synchronously within 0.5 s, category 4 (accumulations of up to three errors do not lead to the failure of the safety function).
OtherDescription
Fall protectionThis type of measure describes fall protection equipment.
Acoustic warning deviceAn acoustic warning device, such as a siren, is used to draw the attention of personnel.
Respiratory protectionWearing respiratory protective equipment is required, as respiratory protection is personal protective equipment (PPE). Respiratory protective equipment includes all devices used for respiratory protection and provides protection against substances, particles, or organisms that can enter the body through the respiratory system. Masks, on the other hand, protect against contaminated air, such as dust particles. The need to wear respiratory protection is indicated by the corresponding safety sign.
Eye/face protectionPersonnel are instructed to wear eye and face protection, as it protects against various hazards such as mechanical, thermal, radiation-induced, chemical, and biological risks. The need to wear such protection is indicated by specific safety signs that indicate the use of eye and face protection.
Instruction manualIn order to carry out specific activities on and with a machine correctly and safely, it is essential for personnel to be informed about safety-related issues. The instructions that should appear in the instruction manual should be described here in detail. To create instruction manuals that comply with EN 82079-1, the CE-CON team is happy to assist you.
Fire safety signsThis type of measure describes fire safety signs.
Foot protectionWearing foot protection is required to protect against foot injuries from objects or contact with hot or chemical materials. Safety shoes are divided into different classes that have specific features such as penetration resistance or conductivity. The need to wear safety shoes is indicated by the corresponding safety sign.
Mandatory signsMandatory signs in Occupational Safety mainly indicate the use of protective equipment and are characterized by a round sign with a blue background (RAL 5005 signal blue) with a white border. By adding a graphical symbol, they enable a specific safety statement. For example, the mandatory sign "Use high-visibility vest" indicates the obligation to wear a high-visibility vest and shows a sleeveless jacket (front view) with two vertical and two horizontal stripes. All registered mandatory signs can be found in EN ISO 7010.
Hazardous substance signsHazardous substance labeling provides information about hazards when handling classified hazardous substances. Hazardous substance signs are characterized by a red-framed diamond on a white background. By adding a graphical symbol, a specific safety statement is enabled. For example, the hazardous substance sign "Toxic" indicates the danger with the symbol of a skull and crossbones. All registered hazardous substance labels can be found in the CLP Regulation.
Hearing protectionThe topic "Personal Protective Equipment - Hearing Protection" deals with describing measures to protect hearing. It involves the risk assessment related to the use of hearing protection. This includes analyzing potential risks to hearing in specific work environments and selecting and using appropriate hearing protection to safeguard employees from noise exposure.
Hand protectionWearing suitable gloves is required to protect the hands and forearms from various hazards such as mechanical, thermal, radiation-induced, chemical, biological, and electrical risks. The need to wear hand protection is indicated by the corresponding safety sign, which shows two protective gloves, one in the foreground and the other in the background, in outline.
Head protectionWearing head protection is required to protect against head injuries, especially when working with suspended loads. The need to wear head protection is indicated by the corresponding safety sign, which depicts a head (left profile) with head protection.
Rescue signsThe installation of a rescue sign, in this case "Eye wash station," is required. Rescue signs are rectangular signs with a green background (RAL 6032 signal green) and a white border. By adding a graphical symbol, a specific safety statement is enabled. The rescue sign "Eye wash station" marks the location of such a facility and shows an eye over running water coming from a shower head, as well as a first aid cross. All registered rescue signs can be found in EN ISO 7010.
Protective clothingWearing protective clothing is required to protect against various hazards such as chemicals, heat, and cold. There are different types of
Miscellaneous User InformationMiscellaneous user information can alert personnel to specific information, such as storage conditions or handling of specific components.
Miscellaneous PictogramMiscellaneous pictograms can, for example, alert personnel that wearing watches or jewelry is not permitted in the workplace.
InstructionThis type of measure describes instructions.
Prohibition SignThe placement of a prohibition sign is required. Prohibition signs are defined by a round sign with a white background (RAL 9003 Signal White) and a diagonally crossed signal red border (RAL 3001 Signal Red). Adding a graphical symbol enables a specific safety statement. For example, the prohibition sign "Do not enter the area" indicates the prohibition of entering the area and shows two footprints. All registered prohibition signs can be found in EN ISO 7010.
Visual Warning DeviceA visual warning device can, for example, be a flashing light to attract the attention of personnel.
  • Red
    • Meaning: Emergency
    • Explanation: Indicates a hazardous condition that requires immediate action. This could involve shutting off the machine's power supply, being alerted to the hazardous condition, and keeping clear of the machine.
  • Yellow
    • Meaning: Abnormal
    • Explanation: Indicates an abnormal condition or an impending critical condition. It requires monitoring and/or intervention, such as restoring the intended function.
  • Blue
    • Meaning: Mandatory
    • Explanation: Indicates a condition that requires operator action. This action is compulsory.
  • Green
    • Meaning: Normal
    • Explanation: Indicates a normal condition. Action related to this is optional.
  • White
    • Meaning: Neutral
    • Explanation: Used for other conditions or when there is doubt about the application of red, yellow, green, or white. It requires monitoring.
Warning NoticeThe measure "Notices on the machine" includes the placement of specific notices on the machine that are relevant for safe use, operation, maintenance, or similar, such as the maximum permissible load.
Warning SignThe measure "Warning sign" requires the placement of a warning sign to alert to residual danger from obstacles and hazardous areas. Warning signs are defined by a black triangle with a yellow background (RAL 1003 signal yellow). Adding a graphical symbol enables a specific safety statement. For example, the warning sign "Warning of hand injuries" warns of the closing movement of mechanical parts of a machine/equipment and shows a hand between two horizontal lines with a downward-pointing vertical arrow.